![]() Possibilism in geography is, thus, considered a distinct approach to geographical knowledge, directly opposed to geographical determinism. The other two controversies are:ġ) the "debate between neopositivists and neokantians about the "exceptionalism" or the specificity of geography as a science.Ģ) the contention between Mackinder and Kropotkin about what is-or should be-geography". schools of human-environment interactions- 1) Determinism, 2) Possibilism. The controversy between geographical possibilism and determinism might be considered one of (at least) three dominant epistemologic controversies of contemporary geography. humanization of nature takes place & imprints of human activities become. ![]() He observed that humans were the active elements in a human-environmental partnership and partnering. Strabo cautioned against the assumption that nature and actions of humans were determined by the physical environment they inhabited. Strabo posited in 64 BC that humans can make things happen by their own intelligence over time. In cultural ecology, Marshall Sahlins used this concept in order to develop alternative approaches to the environmental determinism dominant at that time in ecological studies. Possibilism in cultural geography is the theory that the environment sets certain constraints or limitations, but culture is otherwise determined by social conditions.
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